Milk Production in India

Dairying industry of India has undergone considerable transformation mainly due to the application of scientific production techniques and greater importance being given to the development of dairy cooperatives. Infrastructure that has contributed in no small measure towards substantial growth in milk production since seventies. But the trend has charged with 15% of the world cattle population, India occupies number one position in the world milk production.

Milk output in the world's 10 leading dairying countries are shown in the following table.

World Top 10 Milk Producing Countries
Rank	Country	Production (109kg/year)
1	India	114.4
2	United States	79.3
3	Pakistan	35.2 (needs validation)
4	China	32.5
5	Germany	28.5
6	Russia	28.5
7	Brazil	26.2
8	France	24.2
9	New Zealand	17.3
10	United Kingdom	13.9

Recent facts about Indian stock market

1. SENSEX claims 212 points to trade near 16,900 points. 
2. SENSEX traps up 153 points and Sterlite Industries gainer.
3. SENSEX trading up 50 points and SBI most active.
4. SENSEX flat with optimistic bias at open.
5. Rupee gains 17 paisa in opposition to US dollor. 
6. Soya Bean future trade mixed on weak global cues.

Introduction of Dairy Farming in India

Dairy Farm

Traditional method of Milking

Dairying as is generally understood and practical the world over, implies breeding, feeding and management of cattle (cows and buffaloes) and production, handling and marketing of their milk and milk products on satisfactory and economic basis.

In the past dairy's was considered as the subsidiary industry par excellence of the cultivators which provides an occupation and an income at all seasons to them. Again it was considered as an indispensable food for one forth of the population which comprises infants and children who can not subsist without milk and for which there is no known substitute. However, conditions and ideas have changed. Economic development is considered as a process which relieves agriculture from its dominant position in the economy and in this context dairying has been considered not as a subsidiary industry but as a full time occupation that assures higher and higher income. In this context dairying has assumed new dimensions with emphasis on increased production through technical innovation and better management.

Introduction of Stock Market

Indian stock market like Casino

Up and Down in Indian Stock Market

Just like a casino, Indian stock markets are highly volatile and speculative. It is true that speculation is a feature of any market and perhaps more of stock market than others. Indian stock markets are most volatile in the world. The ratio between turnover and market capitalization shows the volatility of Indian stock market. As the table shows only in technology specific NASDAQ of US is this ratio higher than in India. More importantly marketing countries with the level of development comparable to India - Thailand, Malaysia and Mexico have ratios, which are only a small fractions of India ratio.

National Stock Exchange

Corporate of India, all Insurance corporation, selected commercial banks and other incorporated made the NSE (National Stock Exchange) in 1992. Trading at NSE classified under two :
1. Whole sale dept market ( similar to money market operations.)
2. Capital Market

There are 2 types of players in NSE:
1. Trading members - recognized members of NSE who trade on behalf of themselves and their clients.
2. Participant - It is like a banks who take direct settlement responsibility.

Trading in Indian Stock Market

Trading in Indian stock market is limited to securities of public limited companies. It is divided into 2 categories. 1. Specified securities ( forward list)
2. Non-specified securities (cash list)

There are two types of transactions carried out on Indian stock market.
1. Spot delivery transaction (delivery and payment within time not more than 14 days)
2. Forward transaction (delivery and payment with 90 days)

A number of broker in an Indian stock market act as an agent by selling securities on his own risk but in New York and London stock market where a member can act as a jobber only.

Insider Trading in Indian Stock Market

Ups and Down in Indian Stock Market

One common method of rigging the market is insider trading. Here selected brokers take decision on which stocks to trade based on information passed on to them by people inside companies often company management themselves such information is not yet available to the public at large or other brokers. Circular trading by which a group of brokers colludes to ring the price of the share up or down is another common practice. For example: a broker can commit to sell shares of a certain company to a designated buyer 5days later at say Rs.100 per share. The deal having been struck, the broker colludes with other friendly to friendly brokers to trade in that scrip over the next 4days, each broker sell the scrip to another at successively lower prices. This process can be earned on with the shares going around circles till the price has been beaten down to the target price to Rs.80 on the 5th day the broker can pick up the lakh of shares at Rs.80 each from the market and sell them earlier committed buyer at Rs.100 each. He does make a neat killing of Rs.20 lakh on the entire deal minus some relatively minor cost incurred in the process of circular trading. The SENSEX eventually recorded from the volatility on Oct 10 2006 closed on 12926.18 points.